Which of the following factors is typically considered in merit assessments?

The correct choice emphasizes the importance of evaluating a cadet's performance in training and academic achievements during merit assessments. This factor is crucial because it reflects not only the cadet's grasp of essential knowledge and skills required for their role but also their commitment to fulfilling educational and operational responsibilities.

Performance in training signifies how well the cadet has absorbed practical skills and applied them in various scenarios. Academic achievements provide insight into the cadet's understanding of theoretical concepts that underpin their training. Together, these elements highlight the cadet's competencies and readiness to advance in their military career.

Other factors mentioned, such as extracurricular participation, the ability to follow orders, and physical appearance, can play roles in the overall assessment of a cadet, but they do not carry the same weight regarding a cadet’s foundational readiness and proficiency. While these aspects may complement a well-rounded evaluation, the core of merit assessments fundamentally hinges on training performance and academic accomplishments. This focus ensures that the evaluation process prioritizes attributes directly linked to the cadet's ability to succeed and lead in their duties.